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Lone Tree · FY2023 municipal finance benchmarks

Douglas County · Denver Metro · home rule municipality · Pop. 15,278 (2025 estimate); FY2023 per-resident figures use 14,028 · Census finance data FY2016–FY2023

Latest Census Bureau finance data for Lone Tree: FY2023. Retrieved Oct 2026. Newer years are added when the Census Bureau publishes them. Why the lag?

City website (opens in a new tab)

Compare

FY2023 in brief

Lone Tree collected $5,157 per resident, 44% above the median of the 97 Colorado municipalities reporting that year, 2.8× its peers. Tax revenue per resident sits 2.9× its peers, and 2.1× the state median. Debt per resident runs 64% below peers.

Regional hub: sales tax per resident is 2.8× the Colorado median.

Generated from the figures below. Every number links to its Census source.

Compared with

Nearest on population, household income and region

FY2023 headline figures

Revenue per resident (definition)

$5,157
2.8× peers
Peer median
$1,840
CO median · 97 with a published figure
$3,580
Position
Higher than 69% of the 97 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars
+9.0%/yr
How Colorado compares on revenue per resident

Expenditures per resident (definition)

$4,664
52% above peers
Peer median
$3,078
CO median · 91 with a published figure
$3,680
Position
Higher than 66% of the 91 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars
+5.4%/yr

Tax revenue per resident (definition)

$3,564
2.9× peers
Peer median
$1,222
CO median · 90 with a published figure
$1,726
Position
Higher than 75% of the 90 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars
+9.1%/yr

Debt per resident (definition)

$551
64% below peers
Peer median
$1,521
CO median · 91 with a published figure
$2,130
Position
Higher than 11% of the 91 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars
−9.6%/yr
How Colorado compares on debt per resident

How this number was calculated

Revenue per resident · $5,157
Reported by the city to the Census Bureau

  1. 1Metric

    $5,157 Total revenue divided by population

    = Total revenue ÷ population

    Full definition: Revenue per resident

  2. 2Inputs

    Total revenue $72.3M ÷ population 14,028 (2023 estimate)

  3. 3Census line items

    • B89 Federal aid
    • C89 State aid
    • D89 Local government aid
    • T09 General sales tax
    • T11 Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.)
    • T15 Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.)
    • T19 Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.)
    • T20 Licenses & permits
    • T28 Licenses & permits
    • T29 Licenses & permits
    • U20 Interest earnings
    • U30 Fines & forfeits
    • U40 Rents
    • U99 Miscellaneous

  4. 4Source file

What the numbers mean

  • Lone Tree relies on sales tax more than most Colorado municipalities. Tourism and regional retail can raise sales tax per resident because non-residents pay it.

Where the money comes from and where it goes

Per resident, FY2023. Bars show Lone Tree; the gold tick is the peer median. How categories work

Regional hub: sales tax per resident is 2.8× the Colorado median.

Sales tax per resident is high, which usually means many non-residents shop, stay or work here. Per-resident figures divide citywide totals by residents only, so they overstate what residents themselves pay and use.

The biggest difference from peers is General government: $2,687 per resident, 2.8× the peer median. On the revenue side, sales tax is 3.1× peers.

Money in

Revenue

$5,157
per resident2.8× peers
Money in: Lone Tree revenue per resident by category, FY2023, against the peer median. Open a category for its lines and Census item codes.
CategoryPer residentvs peers
$3,1833.1×peers $1,016
$1,17710.3×peers $114
$41560% abovepeers $260
$3813.9×peers $98
None reported · peers $279$0None reported
None reported · peers $181$0None reported
None reported · peers $170$0None reported
Peer median of 5 peers · Colorado median of 97 reporting

Money out

Spending

$4,664
per resident52% above peers
Money out: Lone Tree spending per resident by category, FY2023, against the peer median. Open a category for its lines and Census item codes.
CategoryPer residentvs peers
$2,6872.8×peers $965
$9392.4×peers $394
$7392.1×peers $344
$21267% belowpeers $646
$4888% belowpeers $412
$2665% belowpeers $75
$13No peer comparisonpeers $0
Peer median of 4 peers · Colorado median of 91 reporting

Lone Tree and its peers

The five Colorado municipalities nearest on population, median household income and region. Budget size isn’t a matching factor, so peers aren’t chosen on the figures being compared. Per resident, FY2023. How peers are chosen

Open in Compare
Lone Tree compared with its peer municipalities, FY2023, per resident
MunicipalityRevenueExpendituresTax revenueSales taxDebt
Lone TreeRegional hub: Sales tax per resident is 2.8× the Colorado median.$5,157$4,664$3,564$3,183$551
Greenwood VillageRegional hub: Sales tax per resident is 2.4× the Colorado median.$4,470$4,153$3,807$2,724$3,663
SuperiorUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 11.9% of total revenue in FY2023. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.$3,785$3,467$2,107$1,378$1,038
Castle Pines$1,755$1,380$637$529Not reported for this year
BerthoudUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 19.7% of total revenue in FY2023. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.$1,417$648$381Not reported for this year
MonumentUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 25.6% of total revenue in FY2023. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.$1,840$2,688$1,222$1,016$1,521
Peer median$1,840$3,078$1,222$1,016$1,521

Utilities marks a municipality whose revenue and spending include city-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit), which raises its per-resident totals.

Regional hub marks a municipality whose sales tax per resident is at least 1.5× the Colorado median: a shopping or visitor hub where people who live elsewhere pay much of the sales tax.

Trends

Every available fiscal year. Lines break where a year is missing or withheld; nothing is interpolated.

  • This city
  • Peer median
  • Withheld (shown on the axis, no value)
  • Colorado median (Census of Governments years only)
Revenue per resident
FY2016 $3,714 to FY2023 $5,157.$0$2.6K$5.2K’16’17’18’19’20’21’22’23Peer median FY2016: $2,039Peer median FY2017: $2,307Peer median FY2018: $3,041Peer median FY2019: $3,131Peer median FY2020: $2,824Peer median FY2021: $2,786Peer median FY2022: $3,923Peer median FY2023: $1,840Colorado median FY2016: $1,746 (all 224 municipalities reporting)Colorado median FY2021: $2,476 (all 227 municipalities reporting)FY2016: $3,714FY2017: $3,599FY2018: $3,353FY2019: $3,584FY2020: $2,410FY2021: $3,797FY2022: $4,845FY2023: $5,157

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Peer group changed in FY2017, FY2018, FY2019, FY2021, FY2022, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table
Revenue per resident by fiscal year
YearThis cityPeer medianColorado median
FY2016$3,714$2,039$1,746 (224 reporting)
FY2017$3,599$2,307$2,694 (35 reporting, sample year)
FY2018$3,353$3,041$2,529 (75 reporting, sample year)
FY2019$3,584$3,131$2,694 (73 reporting, sample year)
FY2020$2,410$2,824$2,739 (76 reporting, sample year)
FY2021$3,797$2,786$2,476 (227 reporting)
FY2022$4,845$3,923$3,031 (72 reporting, sample year)
FY2023$5,157$1,840$3,580 (97 reporting, sample year)
Expenditures per resident
FY2016 $3,341 to FY2023 $4,664.$0$2.3K$4.7K’16’17’18’19’20’21’22’23Peer median FY2016: $2,227Peer median FY2017: $2,045Peer median FY2018: $2,677Peer median FY2019: $3,092Peer median FY2020: $2,549Peer median FY2021: $2,663Peer median FY2022: $3,026Peer median FY2023: $3,078Colorado median FY2016: $1,749 (all 224 municipalities reporting)Colorado median FY2021: $2,208 (all 227 municipalities reporting)FY2016: $3,341FY2017: $3,520FY2018: $3,588FY2019: $3,807FY2020: $3,021FY2021: $2,599FY2022: $3,461. Excludes equipment purchases and payments to other governments, which Census stopped reporting after FY2021.FY2023: $4,664. Excludes equipment purchases and payments to other governments, which Census stopped reporting after FY2021.

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Census definition change: Excludes equipment purchases and payments to other governments, which Census stopped reporting after FY2021.

Peer group changed in FY2017, FY2018, FY2019, FY2021, FY2022, FY2023, the same year as the census definition change. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table
Expenditures per resident by fiscal year
YearThis cityPeer medianColorado median
FY2016$3,341$2,227$1,749 (196 reporting)
FY2017$3,520$2,045$2,663 (35 reporting, sample year)
FY2018$3,588$2,677$2,387 (74 reporting, sample year)
FY2019$3,807$3,092$2,759 (71 reporting, sample year)
FY2020$3,021$2,549$2,485 (74 reporting, sample year)
FY2021$2,599$2,663$2,208 (220 reporting)
FY2022$3,461$3,026$3,025 (71 reporting, sample year)
FY2023$4,664$3,078$3,680 (91 reporting, sample year)
Tax revenue per resident
FY2016 $2,262 to FY2023 $3,564.$0$1.8K$3.6K’16’17’18’19’20’21’22’23Peer median FY2016: $1,218Peer median FY2017: $1,047Peer median FY2018: $1,344Peer median FY2019: $1,691Peer median FY2020: $1,580Peer median FY2021: $1,577Peer median FY2022: $2,124Peer median FY2023: $1,222Colorado median FY2016: $705 (all 224 municipalities reporting)Colorado median FY2021: $1,072 (all 227 municipalities reporting)FY2016: $2,262FY2017: $2,266FY2018: $2,307FY2019: $2,472FY2020: $1,727FY2021: $2,231FY2022: $3,492FY2023: $3,564

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Peer group changed in FY2017, FY2018, FY2019, FY2021, FY2022, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table
Tax revenue per resident by fiscal year
YearThis cityPeer medianColorado median
FY2016$2,262$1,218$705 (193 reporting)
FY2017$2,266$1,047$1,098 (34 reporting, sample year)
FY2018$2,307$1,344$1,173 (70 reporting, sample year)
FY2019$2,472$1,691$1,187 (71 reporting, sample year)
FY2020$1,727$1,580$1,238 (72 reporting, sample year)
FY2021$2,231$1,577$1,072 (201 reporting)
FY2022$3,492$2,124$1,631 (71 reporting, sample year)
FY2023$3,564$1,222$1,726 (90 reporting, sample year)
Debt per resident
FY2016 $1,434 to FY2023 $551.$0$2K$4K’16’17’18’19’20’21’22’23Peer median FY2016: $3,997Peer median FY2017: $1,792Peer median FY2018: $2,426Peer median FY2019: $1,797Peer median FY2020: $2,244Peer median FY2021: $2,911Peer median FY2022: $2,783Peer median FY2023: $1,521Colorado median FY2016: $1,072 (all 224 municipalities reporting)Colorado median FY2021: $1,411 (all 227 municipalities reporting)FY2016: $1,434FY2017: $1,374FY2018: $911FY2019: $764FY2020: $553FY2021: $1,055FY2022: $813FY2023: $551

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Peer group changed in FY2017, FY2018, FY2019, FY2021, FY2022, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table
Debt per resident by fiscal year
YearThis cityPeer medianColorado median
FY2016$1,434$3,997$1,072 (220 reporting)
FY2017$1,374$1,792$1,482 (34 reporting, sample year)
FY2018$911$2,426$1,644 (70 reporting, sample year)
FY2019$764$1,797$1,627 (69 reporting, sample year)
FY2020$553$2,244$1,798 (71 reporting, sample year)
FY2021$1,055$2,911$1,411 (199 reporting)
FY2022$813$2,783$2,068 (73 reporting, sample year)
FY2023$551$1,521$2,130 (91 reporting, sample year)

Questions about Lone Tree’s finances

How much revenue does Lone Tree collect per resident?
Lone Tree collected $5,157 per resident in FY2023, 44% above the median of the 97 Colorado municipalities reporting that year. See the figure
How does Lone Tree's spending per resident compare with similar cities?
Lone Tree spent $4,664 per resident in FY2023, 52% above the median of its peers: Greenwood Village, Superior, Castle Pines, Berthoud and Monument. See the figure
How much debt does Lone Tree have per resident?
Lone Tree carried $551 of debt per resident in FY2023, 64% below its peers' median. See the figure
Which cities is Lone Tree compared with?
Lone Tree is compared with Greenwood Village, Superior, Castle Pines, Berthoud and Monument: the Colorado municipalities nearest to it on population, median household income and region. Budget size isn't used, so peers aren't chosen on the figures being compared. See the peer table
Where do these numbers come from?
From the U.S. Census Bureau's Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances, as each government reported its own fiscal year, divided by Census population estimates. Figures that fail quality checks are withheld rather than shown. Sources and methodology

Community context

American Community Survey 5-year estimates and Census population estimates. Where the selected year isn’t available, the nearest earlier year is shown and labeled.

Population growth (5-yr)
+0.7%/yr
2023 estimate
Median household income
$125.7K
2023 estimate
Poverty rate
4.6%
2023 estimate
Median home value
$819.8K
2023 estimate
Housing vacancy rate
4.1%
2023 estimate

Explore further

Also in Denver Metro

Revenue per resident, latest published year.

Sources

Dataset: Lone Tree, CO municipal finance benchmarks

Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab). Please credit “Source: Orivian Municipal Index, orivian.ai/benchmarks”. See the data use terms.

Notes: dollars are nominal (not inflation-adjusted). Colorado medians cover the municipalities reporting that year. Peers: nearest on population, income and region. Definitions: orivian.ai/benchmarks/methodology.Retrieved October 12, 2026 from orivian.ai/benchmarks.

Every figure on this page is read from the published index; nothing is recalculated for display. Read the methodology

General government is Lone Tree’s largest difference from its peers (2.8× the peer median in FY2023). See how that line moves month to month in your own budget-vs-actual.

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