Castle Pines · FY2021 municipal finance benchmarks

Name: Castle Pines, CO municipal finance benchmarks
Creator: Orivian
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Douglas County · Denver Metro · home rule municipality · Pop. 15,583 (2025 estimate); FY2021 per-resident figures use 12,303 · Census finance data FY2016, FY2021, FY2023

You’re viewing FY2021. See the latest view (FY2023). Latest Census Bureau finance data for Castle Pines: FY2023. Retrieved Oct 2026. Newer years are added when the Census Bureau publishes them. Why the lag?

City website (opens in a new tab)

Fiscal yearCompare

FY2021 in brief

Castle Pines collected $1,479 per resident, 40% below the median of the 227 Colorado municipalities reporting that year, 61% below its peers. Tax revenue per resident sits 42% below its peers, and 15% below the state median.

Generated from the figures below. Every number links to its Census source.

Compared with

Nearest on population, household income and region

Revenue per resident (definition)

$1,479

61% below peers

Peer median: $3,797
CO median · 227 with a published figure Median of the 227 Colorado municipalities with FY2021 Census finance data. In FY2016 and FY2021 the Census covers every municipality; in other years it surveys a sample, mostly larger cities.: $2,476
Position: Higher than 20% of the 227 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars: Not enough history for a 5-year change

How Colorado compares on revenue per resident

Expenditures per resident (definition)

$1,013

61% below peers

Peer median: $2,599
CO median · 220 with a published figure Median of the 220 Colorado municipalities with FY2021 Census finance data. In FY2016 and FY2021 the Census covers every municipality; in other years it surveys a sample, mostly larger cities.: $2,208
Position: Higher than 9% of the 220 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars: +7.7%/yr

Tax revenue per resident (definition)

$914

42% below peers

Peer median: $1,577
CO median · 201 with a published figure Median of the 201 Colorado municipalities with FY2021 Census finance data. In FY2016 and FY2021 the Census covers every municipality; in other years it surveys a sample, mostly larger cities.: $1,072
Position: Higher than 39% of the 201 reporting
5-year changenominal dollars: +18.9%/yr

Debt per resident (definition)

Peer median: Not reported for this year
CO median: Not reported for this year
Position: Not reported for this year
5-year change: Not reported for this year

How Colorado compares on debt per resident

How this number was calculated

Revenue per resident · $1,479

Reported by the city to the Census Bureau

1Metric
$1,479 Total revenue divided by population
= Total revenue ÷ population
Full definition: Revenue per resident
2Inputs
Total revenue $18.2M ÷ population 12,303 (2021 estimate)
3Census line items
- A61 Parks & recreation charges
- A89 General government (other) charges
- B89 Federal aid
- C89 State aid
- D89 Local government aid
- T01 Property tax
- T09 General sales tax
- T15 Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.)
- T20 Licenses & permits
- T28 Licenses & permits
- T29 Licenses & permits
- U01 Special assessments
- U20 Interest earnings
- U30 Fines & forfeits
- U99 Miscellaneous
4Source file
- Annual Survey of State & Local Government Finances 2022 - Individual Unit File
  Value for
  FY2021
  Survey file
  2022
  The 2022 Census survey covers fiscal years ending July 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022, so a fiscal year ending December 31, 2021 is FY2021.
  Retrieved October 12, 2026 · View source: Annual Survey of State & Local Government Finances 2022 - Individual Unit File (opens in a new tab)
- Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 - incorporated places
  Value for
  FY2021
  Source year
  2025
  Retrieved October 7, 2026 · View source: Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 - incorporated places (opens in a new tab)

What the numbers mean

Castle Pines relies on sales tax more than most Colorado municipalities. Tourism and regional retail can raise sales tax per resident because non-residents pay it.

Where the money comes from and where it goes

Per resident, FY2021. Bars show Castle Pines; the gold tick is the peer median. How categories work

The biggest difference from peers is General government: $304 per resident, 71% below the peer median. On the revenue side, sales tax is 48% below peers.

Money in

Revenue

$1,479

per resident61% below peers

Money in: Castle Pines revenue per resident by category, FY2021, against the peer median. Open a category for its lines and Census item codes.
Category	Per resident	Peer median	vs peers	Share of revenue
	$755	$1,445	48% below peerspeers $1,445	51%

General sales tax $755 · peers $1,445 General sales and use tax. Census line items T09 General sales tax
	$286	$184	55% above peerspeers $184	19%

General government (other) charges $284 · peers $2 Parks & recreation charges $2 · peers $1 Charges for services such as sewer, trash, recreation, parking and airports. Census line items A61 Parks & recreation charges A89 General government (other) charges
	$251	$202	24% above peerspeers $202	17%

Federal aid $110 · peers $0 Local government aid $105 · peers $82 State aid $36 · peers $121 Grants and shared revenue from federal, state and local governments. Census line items B89 Federal aid C89 State aid D89 Local government aid
	$90	$212	57% below peerspeers $212	6%

Property tax $90 · peers $212 Property tax levied by the municipality. Census line items T01 Property tax
	$70	$145	52% below peerspeers $145	5%

Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.) $45 · peers $51 Licenses & permits $24 · peers $104 Lodging, utility, tobacco and other selective sales taxes, licenses and permits, and other taxes. Census line items T15 Selective sales taxes (lodging, utilities, etc.) T20 Licenses & permits T28 Licenses & permits T29 Licenses & permits
	$27	$259	89% below peerspeers $259	2%

Special assessments $15 · peers $0 Interest earnings $7 · peers $2 Fines & forfeits $5 · peers $8 Miscellaneous $1 · peers $17 Interest earnings, fines, rents, special assessments, donations and sales of property. Census line items U01 Special assessments U20 Interest earnings U30 Fines & forfeits U99 Miscellaneous
None reported · peers $258	$0	$258	None reported	0%

Castle Pines reported nothing in this category for FY2021. Revenue of city-owned water, electric, gas and transit systems.

Peer median of 5 peers · Colorado median of 227 reporting

Money out

Spending

$1,013

per resident61% below peers

Money out: Castle Pines spending per resident by category, FY2021, against the peer median. Open a category for its lines and Census item codes.
Category	Per resident	Peer median	vs peers	Share of spending
	$371	$29	12.8× peerspeers $29	37%

Streets & highways $371 · peers $29 incl. $213 construction incl. $213 construction Streets and highways, transit, parking and airports. Census line items E44 Streets & highways F44 Streets & highways
	$304	$1,064	71% below peerspeers $1,064	30%

Central staff services $139 · peers $158 incl. $6 construction General government (other) $116 · peers $682 incl. $2 construction Financial administration $28 · peers $82 Judicial & legal $20 · peers $8 incl. $8 construction Administration, finance, legal and courts, public buildings and other general government. Census line items E23 Financial administration E25 Judicial & legal E29 Central staff services E89 General government (other) F29 Central staff services F89 General government (other)
	$277	$149	86% above peerspeers $149	27%

Protective inspection & regulation $190 · peers $0 Police $87 · peers $149 Police, fire protection, inspection and corrections. Census line items E62 Police E66 Protective inspection & regulation
	$59	$268	78% below peerspeers $268	6%

Parks & recreation $59 · peers $210 Parks and recreation, libraries, housing and community development. Census line items E61 Parks & recreation
	$3	$172	98% below peerspeers $172	<1%

Solid waste $3 · peers $0 Water, sewer, solid waste, electric and gas utilities, and natural resources. Census line items E81 Solid waste
None reported · peers $89	$0	$89	None reported	0%

Castle Pines reported nothing in this category for FY2021. Interest paid on the municipality's debt.

Peer median of 5 peers · Colorado median of 220 reporting

Castle Pines and its peers

The five Colorado municipalities nearest on population, median household income and region. Budget size isn’t a matching factor, so peers aren’t chosen on the figures being compared. Per resident, FY2021. How peers are chosen

Open in Compare

Castle Pines compared with its peer municipalities, FY2021, per resident
Municipality	Revenue	Expenditures	Tax revenue	Sales tax	Debt
Castle Pines	$1,479	$1,013	$914	$755	Not reported for this year
SuperiorUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 10.0% of total revenue in FY2021. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.	$2,592	$2,349	$1,577	$995	$2,477
Lone TreeRegional hub: Sales tax per resident is 2.2× the Colorado median.	$3,797	$2,599	$2,231	$1,895	$1,055
Greenwood VillageRegional hub: Sales tax per resident is 2.6× the Colorado median.	$3,883	$3,103	$3,323	$2,252	$3,621
BerthoudUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 8.0% of total revenue in FY2021. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.	$4,394	$3,039	$1,426	Withheld Berthoud · Sales tax per resident · FY2021 Reason: Sales tax per resident is 302% of this city's typical level in other years We don't publish figures that fail our quality checks until they're verified against the city's audited financial report.	$761
WellingtonUtilities: City-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit) brought in 23.9% of total revenue in FY2021. Revenue and spending per resident include them, so cities that run their own utilities read higher than cities that don't.	$1,669	$1,408	$665	$414	$2,081
Peer median	$3,797	$2,599	$1,577	$1,445	Not reported for this year

Utilities marks a municipality whose revenue and spending include city-owned utilities (water, electric, gas, transit), which raises its per-resident totals.

Regional hub marks a municipality whose sales tax per resident is at least 1.5× the Colorado median: a shopping or visitor hub where people who live elsewhere pay much of the sales tax.

Trends

Every available fiscal year. Lines break where a year is missing or withheld; nothing is interpolated.

This city
Peer median
Withheld (shown on the axis, no value)
Colorado median (Census of Governments years only)

Revenue per resident

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

FY2016 withheld: Revenue per resident is 32% of this city's typical level in other years

Peer group changed in FY2021, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table

Revenue per resident by fiscal year
Year	This city	Peer median	Colorado median
FY2016	Withheld (Revenue per resident is 32% of this city's typical level in other years)	Benchmark unavailable	$1,746 (224 reporting)
FY2021	$1,479	$3,797	$2,476 (227 reporting)
FY2023	$1,755	$3,785	$3,580 (97 reporting, sample year)

Expenditures per resident

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Census definition change: Excludes equipment purchases and payments to other governments, which Census stopped reporting after FY2021.

Peer group changed in FY2021, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table

Expenditures per resident by fiscal year
Year	This city	Peer median	Colorado median
FY2016	$700	$2,735	$1,749 (196 reporting)
FY2021	$1,013	$2,599	$2,208 (220 reporting)
FY2023	$1,380	$3,467	$3,680 (91 reporting, sample year)

Tax revenue per resident

Fiscal year · nominal dollars, not adjusted for inflation

Peer group changed in FY2021, FY2023. Peers are matched each year, so the peer median can step when the group changes.

Show data table

Tax revenue per resident by fiscal year
Year	This city	Peer median	Colorado median
FY2016	$385	$1,416	$705 (193 reporting)
FY2021	$914	$1,577	$1,072 (201 reporting)
FY2023	$637	$2,107	$1,726 (90 reporting, sample year)

Questions about Castle Pines’s finances

How much revenue does Castle Pines collect per resident?: Castle Pines collected $1,479 per resident in FY2021, 40% below the median of the 227 Colorado municipalities reporting that year. See the figure
How does Castle Pines's spending per resident compare with similar cities?: Castle Pines spent $1,013 per resident in FY2021, 61% below the median of its peers: Superior, Lone Tree, Greenwood Village, Berthoud and Wellington. See the figure
Which cities is Castle Pines compared with?: Castle Pines is compared with Superior, Lone Tree, Greenwood Village, Berthoud and Wellington: the Colorado municipalities nearest to it on population, median household income and region. Budget size isn't used, so peers aren't chosen on the figures being compared. See the peer table
Where do these numbers come from?: From the U.S. Census Bureau's Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances, as each government reported its own fiscal year, divided by Census population estimates. Figures that fail quality checks are withheld rather than shown. Sources and methodology

Community context

American Community Survey 5-year estimates and Census population estimates. Where the selected year isn’t available, the nearest earlier year is shown and labeled.

Population growth (5-yr): +2.7%/yr; 2021 estimate
Median household income: $187K; 2021 estimate
Poverty rate: 4.5%; 2021 estimate
Median home value: $688.1K; 2021 estimate
Housing vacancy rate: 5.1%; 2021 estimate

Explore further

Also in Denver Metro

Greenwood Village$4,470 · FY2023
Lone Tree$5,157 · FY2023
Federal Heights$1,820 · FY2023
Superior$3,785 · FY2023
Golden$2,918 · FY2023
Louisville$2,701 · FY2023
Cherry Hills Village$6,787 · FY2023
Sheridan$5,680 · FY2023

Revenue per resident, latest published year.

Sources

American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2017-2021 · 2021
U.S. Census Bureau
Retrieved October 7, 2026View source: American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2017-2021 (opens in a new tab)
Annual Survey of State & Local Government Finances 2022 - Individual Unit File · 2022 survey file
U.S. Census Bureau
Retrieved October 12, 2026View source: Annual Survey of State & Local Government Finances 2022 - Individual Unit File (opens in a new tab)
Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 - incorporated places · 2025
U.S. Census Bureau
Retrieved October 7, 2026View source: Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 - incorporated places (opens in a new tab)

Dataset: Castle Pines, CO municipal finance benchmarks

Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab). Please credit “Source: Orivian Municipal Index, orivian.ai/benchmarks”. See the data use terms.

Notes: dollars are nominal (not inflation-adjusted). Colorado medians cover the municipalities reporting that year. Peers: nearest on population, income and region. Definitions: orivian.ai/benchmarks/methodology.Retrieved October 12, 2026 from orivian.ai/benchmarks.

Every figure on this page is read from the published index; nothing is recalculated for display. Read the methodology

General government is Castle Pines’s largest difference from its peers (71% below the peer median in FY2021). See how that line moves month to month in your own budget-vs-actual.

Orivian applies the same sourced, governed approach to your city's own budget-vs-actual data.

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Castle Pines · FY2021 municipal finance benchmarks

FY2021 in brief

FY2021 headline figures

Revenue per resident (definition)

Expenditures per resident (definition)

Tax revenue per resident (definition)

Debt per resident (definition)

How this number was calculated

What the numbers mean

Where the money comes from and where it goes

Money in

Money out

Castle Pines and its peers

Trends

Questions about Castle Pines’s finances

Community context

Explore further

Also in Denver Metro

Sources

General government is Castle Pines’s largest difference from its peers (71% below the peer median in FY2021). See how that line moves month to month in your own budget-vs-actual.